Final barrier provides water treatment at the source of consumption. This new approach to water treatment allows the removal of contaminants to lower levels than central treatment, removal of contaminants not addressed by central treatment, and removal of contaminants that are introduced during or after central treatment. Civil engineers and utility managers globally are beginning to recognize that treatment at the Point-of-Use (POU) may be more cost-effective than centralized treatment. Point-of-Use (POU) or Point-of-Entry (POE) devices have been tested and certified for many different classes of contaminants:
- Inorganics such as lead and copper
- Radium & Other Radionuclides
- Volatile Organic Chemicals such as disinfection byproducts
- Synthetic Organic Chemicals
- Microbiologicals such as bacteria, cyst and virus
- Aesthetic concerns such as particulates, taste and odor
This presentation of the final barrier concept will provide global examples of final barrier implementation, the US regulatory perspective, and guidance for residential consumers pursuing this emerging paradigm.
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