Cosmetology and Young Adults in New Jersey: Occupational Ergonomics and Tanning Prevalence, Practice and Risk Perception of Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) Exposure

The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-School of Public Health’s NJ Safe Schools Program (NJ SS) focused on cosmetology related hazards that young adults in NJ are exposed to, including ergonomics, Right to Know (RTK) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure due to indoor tanning. NJ SS created a Task Force (TF) to consider potential environmental and occupational safety and health issues related to cosmetology programs offered through NJ public schools. This TF worked 2010-2012. One TF objective was to increase education through a poster provided to salons on proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE). A student poster contest was determined to be a good way to get information about ergonomics in cosmetology into schools and salons to target young adults and new workers. Handwashing posters were “models” to emulate. In addition to this poster, a RTK brochure (in English and Spanish) on cosmetology and ergonomics and a supplemental website were created. NJ SS believes information provided will inform both training and practice in salons. In addition to the TF, NJ SS also focused on UVR exposure to sorority and fraternity members in NJ as one group of young adults who may be at high risk of UVR exposure due to their relatively higher prevalence of sun seeking behaviors outdoors.

Additionally, about twenty five million Americans artificially tan indoors annually. Indoor tanning is a major risk factor for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers and other injuries due to UVR exposure. The young adult population is especially vulnerable due to their high prevalence of indoor tanning. A questionnaire was used to assess family skin health history, skin cancer risk factors, tanning behavior, use of PPE and risk perceptions associated with UVR exposure. Results suggested almost half of the study population tanned indoors once in their lifetime and the majority were aware of adverse health effects associated with tanning. To decrease UVR exposure from indoor tanning, public health practitioners must engage in aggressive educational campaigns. Both the Cosmetology TF and the indoor UVR exposure study found environmental health educational campaigns targeted to young adults were most effective to communicate risks.